Definitions and Terms - 634 Words

Define the following terms: Term Definition Application (in terms of cabling infrastructure) How cabling should be installed and it use. Unshielded Twisted –Pair A popular type of cable that consists of two unshielded wires twisted around each other. Shielded Twisted-Pair A type of copper telephone wiring in which each of the two copper wires that are twisted together are coated with an insulating coating that functions as a ground for the wires. Fiber-Optic Cable A type of cable that has a central glass core with cladding to prevent light loss and dielectric strengthening material which protects the core. They come in single, dual or multi-strand. Dark Fiber Dark fiber refers to unused fiber-optic cable. Often time’s companies lay†¦show more content†¦Headroom In the digital and analog audio, headroom refers to the amount by which the signal-handling capabilities of an audio system exceed a designation level known as Permitted Maximum Level (PML). It can be thought of as a safety zone allowing transient audo peaks to exceed the PML without exceeding the signal capabilities of an audio system. ANSI Acronym for the American National Standards Institute. Founded in 1918, ANSI is a voluntary organization composed of over 1,300 members (including all the large computer companies) that creates standards for the computer industry. NFPA National Fire Protection Association (NFPA) A nonprofit organization that is concerned with fire prevention and safety. They are responsible for publishing the (NEC) National Electrical Code which has been adopted into law by many municipalities and states. FCC Abbreviation of Federal Communications Commission. Among its duties in regulating public airwaves in the United States, the FCC is responsible for rating personal computers and other equipment as either Class A or Class B NIST Short for the National Institute of Standards and Technology, NIST is a non-regulatory federal agency within the U.S. Department of Commerce. OSHA Occupational Safety and Health Administration (OSHA) is an agency of the United States Department of Labor. OSHAs mission is to assure safe and healthful working conditions for working men and women by setting and enforcing standards and by providingShow MoreRelatedTerm Definition Source Of Definition1183 Words   |  5 PagesTerm Definition Source of Definition(url) Literary Example Source of Example Alliteration Repitition of same sound beginning several words in a sequence https://mcl.as.uky.edu/glossary-rhetorical-terms#1 let us go forth and lead the land we love J.F.Kennedy, inaugrial speech Allusion A reference to a well known person, place, or thing in history or literature https://quizlet.com/302172/rhetorical-terms-flash-cards/ The Pequod in Moby Dick The pequot people were driven to extinction AnadiplosisRead MoreDefinition And Definition Of Key Terms1222 Words   |  5 PagesDefinition of Key Terms The following words and phrases used in this study are defined for clarity and are critical for the understanding of the concept of the study topic. CRSP. 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Identity is quite difficult to define because it is such an abstract concept. In order to defineRead MoreDefinition And Meaning Of The Term Indigenous2137 Words   |  9 PagesDefining the term Indigenous is a process that while well-received and widely produced, is somewhat problematic as there are many variations, and even some suggestion that a relatively static definition does nothing to honor neither the meaning of the term nor the communities of peoples it represents. Understanding the variations in form and meaning are important to recognizing how the term is used in relationship to the user and the context in which it is produced. Indeed, misunderstanding andRead MoreDifferent Definitions Of Key Terms1220 Words   |  5 PagesDefinitions of key terms However, looking at the conceptual perspective, Colwell, R. R., and J. D. Walker (1977, cited in Aniefiok E. Ite1, et al., 2013: p 78-79) defines oil as follows: â€Å"Oil is a naturally stirring multipart mixture made up primarily of hydrocarbon mixtures and normally contains substantial quantities of nitrogen, sulphur, and oxygen together with smaller amounts of nickel, vanadium, and numerous components. Oil compounds can occur in solid form as asphalt, liquid form as crudeRead MoreDefinitions of the Terms Chicano and Aztlan2058 Words   |  8 Pagesï » ¿Historically, the terms Chicano and Aztlan actually had a variety of different meanings. What was interesting about those meanings, particularly for the term Chicano, was that they were defined and implemented by the people who the terms referred to. Initially, the term Chicano was used to define a person of Mexican-American ancestry who lived in the United States. There were a couple of factors that led to this definition, the most salient of which was the rejection of White Americans of the status

Drink Raw Milk Free Essays

Drink Raw Milk Having spent the majority of my life on a dairy farm, I have had the privilege of enjoying fresh, clean, delicious raw milk. There is nothing like it! I would be willing to wager that very few have ever experienced the enjoyment of sipping a tall, ice-cold, creamy â€Å"straight from the farm† glass of milk. There is nothing in the world that compares with the overall taste, the nutritional content, and the health benefits found in raw milk. We will write a custom essay sample on Drink Raw Milk or any similar topic only for you Order Now Raw milk should be an option for everyone to consume. There are warnings and new research advising consumers to avoid raw milk and raw milk products. Indeed, I was surprised to read Nelson (2010) that, â€Å"Raw milk stands alone as the only food that has ever been outlawed, and its advocates point out that it took a constitutional amendment to ban alcohol,† (p. 3). Nonetheless, the movement seems to be gaining in popularity. The Oake Knoll Ayrshire farm in Foxborough, Massachusetts owned by the Lawton family is a perfect example of the momentum that the raw milk movement has gained. â€Å"Lawton figures that she has 200 weekly customers, versus just a handful two years ago,† (Gumpert, 2008). With the â€Å"organic† fresh products movement and the increased accessibility to farmer’s markets, consumers have become more aware of these alternatives. According to the president of the Weston A. Price Foundation, a foundation that stands strongly behind the raw milk movement, an estimated half a million Americans or more are consuming raw milk. There are many issues surrounding the raw milk versus pasteurized milk debate, but at this time I want to focus on the issue of choice. The taste of raw milk is the first thing I think of every time I drink pasteurized milk. There are drastic differences in taste, sweetness, and texture. Raw milk is mild, creamy, and even sweeter than pasteurized milk. â€Å"Fresh milk has a delicate flavour contributed by compounds of low molecular weight in trace amounts. Heat treatment affects the flavour of milk and produces detectable off-flavours,† (Aboshama, 1977). Many raw milk consumers testify that one of the main reasons they drink raw milk is for the flavor and creamy texture. In a New York Times article, several raw milk drinkers’ sentiments are voiced about the taste of raw milk: â€Å"richness and density,† â€Å"complexity of flavor,† and â€Å"we trust the traditional food chain [flavor] more,† (Drape, 2007). The best tasting milk is going to come from cows that are pasture-fed. There is a direct relationship between what the animal eats and the taste and nutritional value of the milk. â€Å"Products from pasture-raised animals are healthier [tastier] for you to eat than those from grain-fed animals for many reasons. Animals get more readily available nutrients from fresh pasture plants than from grains, so their products contain more vitamin E, beta carotene, conjugated linoleic acid (CLA) and omega-3 fatty acids,† (Schivera, 2003). This pasture-fed cow’s milk is the high quality raw milk that so many people are seeking out and defending. This high standard of milk resembles that of which most Americans once lived on, when either everyone owned a cow or knew someone who did. Research done by Levieux (1980) explains that two types of protein exist in milk; they are casein and whey. Unlike casein, whey protein is deconstructed during pasteurization (p. 93). These proteins play an important role in the absorption of vitamins and minerals. Colman, Hettiararchychy, and Herbert (1981) reported that many vitamins and minerals are attracted to these proteins and potentially bind to them. This bond can facilitate their absorption by the digestive system. Pasteurization destroys the ability of certain proteins in milk to bind the important vitamin folate and hence help its absorption (p. 1426). The components of raw milk that are thought to be most affected by the pasteurization process are the water soluble vitamins and the proteins. According to research completed by Rolls (1973), there is approximately a 10% loss of vitamins BI, B6, B12 and folate and a 25% loss of vitamin C (p. 10). Ultimately, raw milk provides the consumer with more available vitamins and minerals than pasteurized milk. The following chart compares the nutritional values of raw milk and pasteurized milk and clearly shows raw milk offers far more benefits than pasteurized milk. NUTRITIVE VALUE OF RAW MILK Vs. PASTEURIZED MILK (Chart) Category ComparedRaw MilkPasteurized Milk 1) Enzymes:All available. Less than 10% remaining. 2) Protein:100% available, all 22 amino acids, including 8 that are essential. Protein-lysine and tyrosine are altered by heat with serious loss of metabolic availability. This results in making the whole protein complex less available for tissue repair and rebuilding. ) Fats: (research studies indicate that fats are necessary to metabolize protein and calcium. All natural protein-bearing foods contain fats. )All 18 fatty acids metabolically available, both saturated and unsaturated fats. Altered by heat, especially the 10 essential unsaturated fats. 4) Vitamins:All 100% available. Among the fat-soluble vitamins, some are classed as unstable and therefore a loss is caused by heat ing above blood temperature. This loss of Vitamin A, D, E and F can run as high as 66%. Vitamin C loss usually exceeds 50%. Losses on water-soluble vitamins are affected by heat and can run from 38% to 80%. ) Carbohydrates:Easily utilized in metabolism. Still associated naturally with elements. Tests indicate that heat has made some changes making elements less available metabolically. 6) Minerals:All 100% metabolically available. Major mineral components are calcium, chlorine, magnesium, phosphorus, potassium, sodium and sulphur. Vital trace minerals, all 24 or more, 100% available. Calcium is altered by heat and loss in metabolism may run 50% or more, depending on pasteurization temperature. Losses in other essential minerals, because one mineral usually acts synergistically with another element. There is a loss of enzymes that serve as leaders in assimilation minerals. NOTE:Bacterial growth in Raw Milk increases very slowly, because of the friendly acid-forming bacteria (nature’s antiseptic) retards the growth of invading organisms (bacteria). Usually keeps for several weeks when under refrigeration and will sour instead of rot. Pasteurization refers to the process of heating every particle of milk to at least 145 F. and holding at such temperature for at least 15 seconds. Pasteurizing does not remove dirt, or bacterially-produced toxins from milk. Bacterial growth will be geometrically rapid after pasteurization and homogenization. Gradually turns rancid in a few days, and then decomposes. Note. The above chart on nutritive values was cited from â€Å"Report In Favor Of Raw Milk: Expert Report and Recommendations,† by A. Vonderplanitz and W. C. Douglass, 2001, Retrieved from http://docs. google. com Raw milk offers many health benefits which include physical, digestive, and even cognitive health. Perkin (2007) reference cites one of his earlier studies Perkin (2006) that, â€Å"Found protective effects of unpasteurized consumption on current eczema and seasonal allergic rhinitis symptoms,† (p. 627). This research has been supported by others such as Waser (2007) who questioned why most farming children seem not to suffer from these ailments. There are many examples of research that show raw milk’s health advantages. Nelson (2010) identifies published studies that find evidence for the following health benefits: Childhood consumption of raw milk resulted in significant reductions in the development of asthma, eczema, and hay fever (in Nelson 2010, p. 6). Consumption of â€Å"farm milk† showed a significant inverse relationship to asthma and allergies in a study of nearly 15,000 European children (in Nelson 2010, p. ). Although the follow studies are dated and have been continually dismissed by popular science, this research shows a correlation between early childhood consumption of raw milk and the absence of certain childhood ailments. Children who drank raw milk were less likely to develop cavities and higher resistance to tuberculosis (in Nelson 2010, p. 6). Raw milk prevented scurvy and protected against flu, diphtheria and pneumonia (in Nelson 2010, p. 6). I find it ironic that we currently immunize children (and some adults) for several of the above diseases. It makes me wonder whether the consumption of raw milk (or the lack of) has played a significant role in the necessity for these immunizations. Milk in it’s cleanest, rawest form offers the most health benefits to the consumer. The controversy surrounding the legality of raw milk continues to rage on, although the focus should be to eliminate the production of â€Å"dirty† milk. I recall from my time on my parents’ dairy farm that as long as the bacteria count remains below 100,000 per ml, organisms if present, cannot represent significant health hazard. Nelson (2010) confirms that not only does state regulators require a bacterial count of 100,000 per ml for milk slated to be pasteurized, they require the bacteria count of Grade A Raw milk to remain under 30,000 per ml (p. 5). The solution to the raw milk debate is in the creation of a universal standard for all milk, not in the banning of unpasteurized milk. The pasteurization process continues to be of great value for mass produced milk, where animals are kept in confined spaces and reated with antibiotics and hormones, but there is no reason to deny the consumer the enjoyment of high quality unpasteurized milk. The purpose of this essay is to provide you, the reader, an explanation of the benefits of raw milk. Even though these benefits exist, many people have never tried raw milk because it continues to be illegal in many states. Drape (2007) reports that while human consumption of raw milk is illegal in fifteen states, there are 26 states that raw milk can be bought in with cer tain restrictions. In my opinion, this is possibly information that many of you have been denied because many health officials (pressured by politics and large corporations) fear that unpasteurized milk is unsafe. The evidence I have presented, illustrates that untreated milk tastes better, has a higher nutritional value, and offers health benefits above and beyond pasteurized milk. At the very least it has a better flavor, with none of the damage caused by the pasteurization process. I challenge everyone to find a local dairy farmer who produces clean, raw milk and enjoy a glass. How to cite Drink Raw Milk, Papers

The Terminal Man By Crichton Essay Example For Students

The Terminal Man By Crichton Essay The Terminal Man was about the neuropsychiatric section of a hospital doing a breakthrough surgery to help reverse the effects of psychomotor epilepsy. The patients name was Harry Benson. Harry had psychomotor epilepsy because he hit his head in a car accident and it resulted in brain damage. Harry was a good subject for the operation because he was brilliant, being a computer programmer with top level government security clearance. The type of epilepsy that he had caused him to black out for periods of time and during his blackouts he would become extremely violent and when he woke up he remembered nothing. The operation would envolve the inserting of two electrodes into the brain along with a microcomputer in his neck and a plutonium power pack located under his shoulder near his armpit. Harry had his operation soon after he was admitted to the hospital. The operation took roughly three hours and in that time they drilled into his head and inserted the electrodes. They also put in the microcomputer and the power pack at this time. After the operation was over Harry was heavily sedated and put in a room. After the sedatives wore off Harry snuck into a closet and stole an orderlys gown and left the hospital. He was picked up by a lady named Angela Black, who Harry killed when they got to her apartment. After the investigation of the murder of Angela Black Dr. Ross went home to take a shower. When Dr. Ross got out of the shower she found Harry standing in her living room. The computer in Harrys neck was somehow malfunctioning and shocking him every few minuites. When the computer shocked him enough times it would cause a siezure. After a few minuites of talking to Dr. Ross, Harry had a siezure and attacked her. While Harry was choking her she reached and turned on the mircowave, which messed up the atomic power pack in his shoulder and caused him to pass out. When all of the doctors got back to the hospital they got a phone call from Harry that came from inside the hospital. They soon figured out that he was in the basement near the main computer. The cops and Dr. Ross went down to the basement to find Benson. When they found Harry he took off running so the cop went after him. Dr. Ross went into the computer section and found the main computer smashed. Suddenly Benson came into the room and saw that Dr. Ross had his gun which she had found near the computer. Harry asked for the gun and Dr. Ross said no. Harry came up to her and tried to take it and she shot him in the chest and he died. 3. One personality trait in Harry is that he is smart and knows a lot about computers. This effects the story line because he felt that computers were taking over the world so he went and smashed up the main computer at the hospital. 4. Im a fallen man, Benson said. Ive succumbed. To what? To the process of being turned into a machine. Or a time bomb. Harry is telling Dr. Ellis about how he thinks machines are taking over the world. 5. I feel I am most lik e Harry. I am like him in that we are both somewhat intrigued by computers. I dont, however, share in his idea that computers are concious and are trying to take over the world. 6. The biggest surprise and dissappointment of this book is when Harry died. I thought that he would live and the doctors could fix the computer and Harry would be fine but Dr. Ross shot him and he died. 7. One thing I would change is harry dying. I would have had Harry live and get the computer fixed so he would be alright. 8. My one sentance moral would be not to take computers for granted. I say this because they can easily have glitches and those mistakes can be costly and even fatal. 9. Yes, because it wasnt boring and it has a good story line that was exciting. .uf0917cd67edd5dd0405ca1051cd75a8a , .uf0917cd67edd5dd0405ca1051cd75a8a .postImageUrl , .uf0917cd67edd5dd0405ca1051cd75a8a .centered-text-area { min-height: 80px; position: relative; } .uf0917cd67edd5dd0405ca1051cd75a8a , .uf0917cd67edd5dd0405ca1051cd75a8a:hover , .uf0917cd67edd5dd0405ca1051cd75a8a:visited , .uf0917cd67edd5dd0405ca1051cd75a8a:active { border:0!important; } .uf0917cd67edd5dd0405ca1051cd75a8a .clearfix:after { content: ""; display: table; clear: both; } .uf0917cd67edd5dd0405ca1051cd75a8a { display: block; transition: background-color 250ms; webkit-transition: background-color 250ms; width: 100%; opacity: 1; transition: opacity 250ms; webkit-transition: opacity 250ms; background-color: #95A5A6; } .uf0917cd67edd5dd0405ca1051cd75a8a:active , .uf0917cd67edd5dd0405ca1051cd75a8a:hover { opacity: 1; transition: opacity 250ms; webkit-transition: opacity 250ms; background-color: #2C3E50; } .uf0917cd67edd5dd0405ca1051cd75a8a .centered-text-area { width: 100%; position: relative ; } .uf0917cd67edd5dd0405ca1051cd75a8a .ctaText { border-bottom: 0 solid #fff; color: #2980B9; font-size: 16px; font-weight: bold; margin: 0; padding: 0; text-decoration: underline; } .uf0917cd67edd5dd0405ca1051cd75a8a .postTitle { color: #FFFFFF; font-size: 16px; font-weight: 600; margin: 0; padding: 0; width: 100%; } .uf0917cd67edd5dd0405ca1051cd75a8a .ctaButton { background-color: #7F8C8D!important; color: #2980B9; border: none; border-radius: 3px; box-shadow: none; font-size: 14px; font-weight: bold; line-height: 26px; moz-border-radius: 3px; text-align: center; text-decoration: none; text-shadow: none; width: 80px; min-height: 80px; background: url(https://artscolumbia.org/wp-content/plugins/intelly-related-posts/assets/images/simple-arrow.png)no-repeat; position: absolute; right: 0; top: 0; } .uf0917cd67edd5dd0405ca1051cd75a8a:hover .ctaButton { background-color: #34495E!important; } .uf0917cd67edd5dd0405ca1051cd75a8a .centered-text { display: table; height: 80px; padding-left : 18px; top: 0; } .uf0917cd67edd5dd0405ca1051cd75a8a .uf0917cd67edd5dd0405ca1051cd75a8a-content { display: table-cell; margin: 0; padding: 0; padding-right: 108px; position: relative; vertical-align: middle; width: 100%; } .uf0917cd67edd5dd0405ca1051cd75a8a:after { content: ""; display: block; clear: both; } READ: Is Hester Swane Essay

Redbox’s Strategy in the Movie Rental Industry Case Study Essay Sample free essay sample

1 ) Which of the five generic competitory schemes discussed Chapter 5 most closely fit the competitory attack that Redbox is taking? Why did you choose the scheme you selected? The two chief schemes Redbox focuses on are a combination of low monetary value and convenience every bit good as increasing kiosk locations with high traffic. Compared to its rivals. Redbox’s offers a rental fee every bit low as $ 1. 20 per twenty-four hours. which is $ 3 cheaper on norm. Redbox is besides highly convenient. All booths are placed in high traffic locations such as supermarkets. apothecarys shops. and McDonald’s. Since mid-2009. the figure of Redbox locations has increased from about 20. 000 to 34. 600. With its 34. 600 locations across the state. anyone could easy turn up a Redbox booth near them. The competitory scheme most closely fit Redbox’s attack is the low-priced supplier scheme. Redbox’s booth scheme is really alone and cost efficient. Among the many film rental companies. We will write a custom essay sample on Redbox’s Strategy in the Movie Rental Industry Case Study Essay Sample or any similar topic specifically for you Do Not WasteYour Time HIRE WRITER Only 13.90 / page Redbox is the lone 1 that uses booths instead than an existent shop. This non merely reduces the initial investing. but besides the operating cost. Redbox locations besides by and large use the low-priced scheme ; hence. Redbox is efficaciously taking advantage of preexistent price-conscious purchasers. These locations besides communicate convenience. Alternatively of doing a trip to a film rental shop. clients can pick up films while traveling to the shop. Therefore. for a purchaser to exchange to Redbox. he/she really saves money and clip. 2 ) What does a SWOT analysis of Redbox reveal about the overall attraction of its state of affairs and future chances? Strengths– Highly low rental monetary value– No monthly duty– Convenient locations– Online reserve– Number of locations– Smartphone app– Can be returned to any booth– Takes ? to a minute to checkout or return– Constant add-on– Open 24 hours– Good film choice – freshly released/popular Opportunities– General enlargement – more booths– Video game industry enlargement– Offer online picture streaming– Offer corruptible on-line film downloading– Sell music albumsFailings– Limited rubrics – normally merely newer films– Limited machine capablenesss– High acquisition cost to buy freshly released films from retail merchants– High cost of content acquisition and licence understandings– Must employ field staff to travel transcripts to different machines to guarantee handiness Menaces– Blockbuster’s increased online services– Online film streaming – Netflix/Hulu Based on this SWOT analysis of Redbox. the company is in a quite alone place. With the low rental monetary value. the convenience. and the alone merchandise bringing method. Redbox about stands alone in the film rental industry. All of Redbox’s strengths listed supra are the company’s competitory advantage. No competition even comes near to what Redbox has to offer. Redbox is really adaptative and has tried to counter some failings through engineering. The smartphone app and on-line reserve allow clients to look into the handiness of a specific film at a specific location and gives them the ability to reserve a film. However. some of Redbox’s failings need particular attending. Redbox has successfully signed licensing understandings with six major film studios. However. the acquisition cost is really expensive and several studios have terminated early. Another major issue Redbox faces is limited handiness. To slightly counter that. Redbox hires field staff to tra vel film rubrics to kiosks with a low stock list. Despite Redbox’s failings. the company has plentifulness of room to spread out. both nationally and internationally. To spread out the merchandise line. Personal computer games or music albums can be added. Redbox has many great chances and unfastened market for enlargement. As more people. presents. take to stream films online. Netflix and Hulu have become Redbox’s major menaces. Redbox is adaptative to the alteration in consumer demand and is working on on-line film streaming on its web site. As Gregg Kaplan. Coinstar’s main runing officer stated. â€Å"Redbox’s growing is non dependent upon a level or turning DVD rental market. † Although the consumer involvement is altering. there is still a immense market for the physical DVD lease market and DVD’s are non traveling to be phased out anytime shortly. Redbox will be sustained for a long period of clip. particularly with all of its competitory advantages. 3 ) What strategic issues or jobs does Redbox direction demand to turn to? Draw upon the treatment on p. 125 in Chapter 4 to develop your â€Å"worry list. â €  ( 1 page ) From a consumer’s position. Redbox’s scheme may look cost-efficient because it does non necessitate human operation and the low rental monetary value attracts a big figure of clients. However. there are many deeper issues with Redbox’s direction that need to be addressed for the company to go on to win. A large challenge Redbox faces is limited handiness. Redbox is able to maintain path of the figure of each rubric in each booth ; nevertheless. when a rubric is wholly unavailable at a booth. the company hires field staff to travel films around. Is there a more effectual manner to cover with this job? The biggest disbursal Redbox incurs is content acquisition and licensing understanding. The company spends 100s of 1000000s of dollars on licence understandings with each film studio. Therefore. my first concern is â€Å"How to cut down the company’s content acquisition cost? † In add-on to films. Redbox kiosks presently carry pictures games for the three major game consoles. Xbox. Wii. and PS3. Redbox could potentially spread out into the Personal computer picture game industry and even spread out its merchandise line to music albums. Therefore. whether to spread out the merchandise line is something to see. There are presently 34. 600 Redbox locations across the United States. some with double booths. The figure continues to travel up. For an even bigger enlargement. Redbox could see the foreign markets. There are many states with a similar film fiting market as the United States that may be attracted to Redbox’s service. As the Internet continues to develop and people spend more clip online. on-line film cyclosis has become a utility merchandise to Redbox films. Although Redbox is really convenient. it is more convenient to stream a film right at place. So what to make about the turning purchaser involvement in replacement merchandises? 4 ) What recommendations would you do to Redbox direction? At a lower limit. your recommendations should cover what to make about each of the strategic issues/problems identified in inquiry 3. In add-on. each recommendation should be supported with converting statements based on your analysis of Redbox’s state of affairs. First of all. Redbox needs a better content acquisition scheme. The current cost is merely excessively high. In add-on to well-known film studios. Redbox should see partnership with independent film makers and smaller production companies. There is a batch of well-made and valuable content that people do non cognize approximately. Redbox can have a few of those films or docudramas each month. With Redbox selling for the film makers. the acquisition cost should be comparatively low. which consequences in a win-win state of affairs for both parties. I believe this scheme will win because many Redbox clients do non hold a specific film in head traveling to a booth and most people are willing to lease a featured film at $ 1. 20 per twenty-four hours. To find whether to spread out the merchandise line to PC games and music albums. Redbox must carry on studies to see if there is a possible market. I think there is a market for Personal computer games. but non every bit much for music albums. Personal computer games can be added since Redbox already carries picture games for other gambling consoles. However. I would merely transport popular Personal computer games. either for its exclusivity or as a backup when stock list is low. As for music albums. they can merely be sold to avoid illegal downloading. Redbox booths are by and large located in supermarkets that already sell music albums and they easy offer a much wider choice than a Redbox booth can. Expansion into foreign markets is a large chance of growing for Redbox. The initial cost may be comparatively high because the company needs to engage local selling analysts to carry on market research and get partnership. It is easier to first enter other English speech production states every bit good as states with a similar civilization. Overall. the procedure should non be excessively hard or dearly-won. If Redbox booths in s maller U. S. metropoliss are gaining. so a Redbox booth in a foreign thickly settled metropolis should bring forth even more net income. Redbox has already taken stairss to traveling digital. The new Redbox Instant by Verizon charges an $ 8 monthly fee for limitless film streaming plus 4 DVD leases. The monetary value is comparable to that of Netflix and Hulu. which is $ 7. 99 for both. However. Netflix and Hulu both offer a broad scope of Television shows every bit good as films. Netflix is alone in that it has a big choice of older authoritative films. while Hulu has entree to the latest episodes of Television shows. In order for Redbox Instant to stand out. it must offer something different from its rivals. Since Redbox already has partnership with film studios to acquire the freshly released films the same twenty-four hours it is offered in DVD. that could be Redbox Instant’s selling point. Unlike Netflix and Hulu. Redbox Instant clients have entree to the latest films.

An Overview of Solstices and Equinoxes

An Overview of Solstices and Equinoxes The June and December solstices mark the longest and shortest days of the year. The March and September equinoxes, meanwhile, mark the two days of each year when day and night are of equal length. June Solstice (Approximately June 20-21) The June solstice begins summer in the Northern Hemisphere and winter in the Southern Hemisphere. This day is the longest of the year in the Northern Hemisphere and the shortest of the year in the Southern Hemisphere. North Pole: The North Pole (90 degrees north latitude) receives 24 hours of daylight, as it has been daylight at the North Pole for the last three months (since the March Equinox). The sun is 66.5 degrees off the zenith or 23.5 degrees above the horizon.Arctic Circle: It is light 24 hours a day north of the Arctic Circle (66.5 degrees north) on the June solstice. The sun at noon is 43 degrees off the zenith.Tropic of Cancer: On the June Solstice the sun is directly overhead the Tropic of Cancer (23.5 degrees north latitude) at noon.Equator: At the equator (zero degrees latitude), the day is always 12 hours long. At the equator, the sun rises daily at 6 a.m. local time and sets at 6 p.m. local time. The sun at noon at the equator is 23.5 degrees off the zenith.Tropic of Capricorn: In the Tropic of Capricorn, the sun is low in the sky, at 47 degrees from the zenith (23.5 plus 23.5).Antarctic Circle: At the Antarctic Circle (66.5 degrees south), the sun makes the briefest of appearances at noon, peeking at the horizon and then instantaneously disappearing. All areas south of the Antarctic Circle are dark on the June Solstice. South Pole: By June 21, it has been dark for three months at the South Pole (90 degrees south latitude). September Equinox (Approximately September 22-23) The September equinox marks the beginning of fall in the Northern Hemisphere and spring in the Southern Hemisphere. There are 12 hours of daylight and 12 hours of darkness at all points on the earth’s surface on the two equinoxes. Sunrise is at 6 a.m. and sunset is at 6 p.m. local (solar) time for most points on the earth’s surface. North Pole: The sun is on the horizon at the North Pole on the September equinox in the morning. The sun sets at the North Pole at noon on the September equinox and the North Pole remains dark until the March equinox.Arctic Circle: Experiences 12 hours of daylight and 12 hours of darkness. The sun is 66.5 degrees off the zenith or 23.5 degrees above the horizon.Tropic of Cancer: Experiences 12 hours of daylight and 12 hours of darkness. The sun is 23.5 degrees off the zenith.Equator: The sun is directly overhead the equator at noon on the equinox. On both equinoxes, the sun is directly over the equator at noon.Tropic of Capricorn: Experiences 12 hours of daylight and 12 hours of darkness. The sun is 23.5 degrees off the zenith.Antarctic Circle: Experiences 12 hours of daylight and 12 hours of darkness.South Pole: The sun rises at the South Pole after the Pole has been dark for the past six months (since the March equinox). The sun rises to the horizon and it remains light at the Sout h Pole for six months. Each day, the sun appears to rotate around the South Pole at the same declination angle in the sky. December Solstice (Approximately December 21-22) The December solstice marks the beginning of summer in the Southern Hemisphere and is the longest day of the year in the Southern Hemisphere. It marks the beginning of winter in the Northern Hemisphere and is the shortest day of the year in the Northern Hemisphere. North Pole: At the North Pole, it has been dark for three months (since the September equinox). It remains dark for another three (until the March equinox).Arctic Circle: The sun makes the briefest of appearances at noon, peeking at the horizon and then instantaneously disappearing. All areas north of the Arctic Circle are dark on the December solstice.Tropic of Cancer: The sun is low in the sky, at 47 degrees from the zenith (23.5 plus 23.5) at noon.Equator: The sun is 23.5 degrees from the zenith at noon.Tropic of Capricorn: The sun is directly overhead the Tropic of Capricorn on the December solstice.Antarctic Circle: It is light 24 hours a day south of the Antarctic Circle (66.5 degrees north) on the June solstice. The sun at noon is 47 off the zenith.South Pole: The South Pole (90 degrees south latitude) receives 24 hours of daylight, as it has been daylight at the South Pole for the last three months (since the September equinox). The sun is 66.5 degrees off the zenith or 23.5 degrees above the horizon. It will remain light at the South Pole for another three months. March Equinox (Approximately March 20-21) The March equinox marks the beginning of fall in the Southern Hemisphere and spring in the Northern Hemisphere. There are 12 hours of daylight and 12 hours of darkness at all points on the earth’s surface during the two equinoxes. Sunrise is at 6 a.m. and sunset is at 6 p.m. local (solar) time for most points on the earth’s surface. North Pole: The sun is on the horizon at the North Pole on the March equinox. The sun rises at the North Pole at noon to the horizon on the March equinox and the North Pole remains light until the September equinox.Arctic Circle: Experiences 12 hours of daylight and 12 hours of darkness. The sun is 66.5 off the zenith and low in the sky at 23.5 degrees above the horizon.Tropic of Cancer: Experiences 12 hours of daylight and 12 hours of darkness. The sun is 23.5 degrees off the zenith.Equator: The sun is directly overhead the equator at noon on the equinox. During both equinoxes, the sun is directly over the equator at noon.Tropic of Capricorn: Experiences 12 hours of daylight and 12 hours of darkness. The sun is 23.5 degrees off the zenith.Antarctic Circle: Experiences 12 hours of daylight and 12 hours of darkness.South Pole: The sun sets at the South Pole at noon after the Pole has been light for the past six months (since the September equinox). The day begins on the horizon in the morning and by the end of the day, the sun has set.

Geographic Facts About New Delhi, India

Geographic Facts About New Delhi, India New Delhi is both the capital and center of government of India and is the center of the National Capital Territory of Delhi. New Delhi is located in northern India within the metropolis of Delhi and it is one of the nine districts of Delhi. It has a total area of 16.5 square miles (42.7 sq km) and it is considered one of the fastest growing cities in the world.The city of New Delhi is known for its vulnerability to climate change and global warming (its temperatures are predicted to rise by 2ËšC by 2030 due to its intense growth and industrialization) and a building collapse which killed at least 65 people on November 16, 2010. Top Ten Facts to Know About Indias Capital City New Delhi itself was not established until 1912 when the British moved Indias capital city from Calcutta (now called Kolkata) to Delhi in December 1911. At that time the British government in India decided it wanted to build a new city to serve as its capital which would be adjacent to Delhi and known as New Delhi. New Delhi was completed in 1931 and the old city became known as Old Delhi.In 1947 India gained independence from the British and New Delhi was given some limited independence. At that time it was administered by a Chief Commissioner who was appointed by the Indian government. In 1956, Delhi became a union territory and a Lieutenant Governor began the administration of the region. In 1991 the Constitution Act changed the Union Territory of Delhi to the National Capital Territory of Delhi.Today, New Delhi is located within the  metropolis of Delhi and it still serves as the capital city of India. It is at the center of the nine districts of the National Capital Territory of Delhi. Commonly, the metropolis of Delhi is known as New Delhi, although New Delhi only officially represents a district or city within Delhi. New Delhi itself is governed by a municipal government that is called the New Delhi Municipal Council, whereas other areas within Delhi are governed by the Municipal Corporation of Delhi.New Delhi today is one of the fastest growing cities in both India and the world. It is the government, commercial and financial center of India. Governmental employees represent a large portion of the citys workforce, while much of the rest of the citys population is employed in the expanding service sector. The main industries in New Delhi include information technology, telecommunications, and tourism.The city of New Delhi had a population of 295,000 in 2001 but metropolitan Delhi had a population of over 13 million. Most of the people living in New Delhi practice Hinduism (86.8%) but there are also large Muslim, Sikh, Jain and Christian communities in the city.New Delhi is located on the Indo-Gangetic Plain in northern India. Since it sits on this plain, most of the city is relatively flat. It is also located in the floodplains of several large rivers, but none of them actually flow through the city. In addition, New Delhi is prone to major earthquakes. The climate of New Delhi is considered humid subtropical and it is highly influenced by the seasonal monsoon. It has long, hot summers and cool, dry winters. The average January low temperature is 45 °F (7 °C) and the average May (the hottest month of the year) high temperature is 102 °F (39 °C). Precipitation is highest in July and August.When it was determined that New Delhi would be built in 1912, the British architect Edwin Lutyens came up with plans for much of the city. As a result, New Delhi is highly planned and it is built around two promenades the Rajpath and Janpath. The Rashtrapati Bhaven or the center of the Indian government is located in the center of New Delhi.New Delhi is also considered a cultural center of India. It has many historic buildings, festivals to go along with holidays like Republic Day and Independence Day as well as many religious festivals. To learn more about New Delhi and metropolitan Delhi, visit the citys  official government website.

Restaurant and catering management Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words

Restaurant and catering management - Essay Example They had a duty of ensuring consistency of high-quality service and food preparation. On the other hand, food requirement estimation, orders placement with distributors, delivery schedules of supplies and fresh food rests upon them. The assistant manager ensured that guest services are positive in all areas of the restaurant. Besides, the manager had a responsibility of responding quickly to complain raised by the restaurant guests. They ensured that appropriate actions take place to make guests that were dissatisfied with the services offered to make decisions of returning to the restaurant next time. The assistant manager had a challenge of complying with the restaurant standards and service levels to reduce costs and increase sales. They ensured minimization of cost relating to supply, beverage, food, labor and utility. Moreover, they made sure that the accomplishment of all financial reports, invoices, payroll and administrative duties take place on time and accurately in accordance with the procedures and policies of the restaurant. In addition, the managers provided strong and active presence in the restaurant to the people of San Francisco. On the other hand, they also ensured that the restaurant including the personnel incorporated high-level involvement of the population of San Francisco thus giving the restaurant a positive image to the public. The managers had a responsibility of developing employees by providing them with feedback, carrying out performance reviews, and performance establishment expectation of the restaurant. They also directed employees regarding procedural and operational issues as well as directing hiring, development, supervision, and when they consider it necessary, they order employee’s termination. When the restaurant absorbs new employees, they orient them and oversee their training. The assistant

Due process judicial review regulatory process administrative hearing Essay

Due process judicial review regulatory process administrative hearing - Essay Example Due process affirms that the state must respect every person’s rights as stated in the Bill of Rights. In the USA constitution, this clause is found in the Fifth and the Fourteenth Amendments. It summarizes and refers to the course of justice to a person who seeks it. The Fifth Amendment clearly states that ‘no person shall be deprived of their life, liberty or property without the process of rule of law’. This amendment means that every person has the right to enjoy the three mentioned rights and should not be deprived without an evidenced explanation as to why it has to be so. The Fifteenth Amendment, Section one states that ‘No state shall deprive a person of life, liberty or property without due process of law’ (Amar 1193). The due process clause was coined from clause 39 from Magna Carter of England. It is a guarantee to fair treatment of people in the states and clearly reflects the course of justice administration. It does this in different way s, examples being through the substantive due process (which mainly focuses on civil and criminal laws), procedural due process, clear non-vague laws and Incorporation into the Bill of Rights The process is best reflected in civic and criminal laws which provide rights of a person that are to be observed. They include the right to an unbiased hearing, right to legal representation, freedom from being locked up in mental institutions without evidenced and compulsory need, importance and essence of tribunals presenting evidence, right to a notice among others. The case of Vitek Joseph Jones is a good indicator. He was arrested and charged with robbery in 1980 and imprisoned for a number of years (Amar 1193). When it was suggested that he be transferred to a mental institution, his lawyers objected to this. They said that the convict has a right to grieve, and should not be isolated to an asylum. The mandatory psychiatric treatment and the stigma would have been too much. There was no substantive evidence that he needed to be in a mental institution, and the due process provided for this. Administrative due process is where a person who has been accused is summoned by an administrative body or an agency. They are told what they are accused of and times a sentence passed. At other times, it may proceed to end in the judicial due process. The difference between an administrative due process and judicial due process is that in administrative, there are no rights to a notice, or to hearing. Cross examining is not a must or as intense an in the judicial process. There is no particular form of procedure to be followed in an administrative due process as opposed to judicial due process. The technicality in judicial due process is not there in administrative due process (Hartigan 7). Judicial Review Judicial Review was first introduced through the case of Marbury V. Madison. He, among eighty two others was appointed as judges during the last day of President Jon Adams as president. The midnight appointment did not auger well with the incoming president, Thomas Jefferson. As a result, the president told his state affairs secretary not to give Marbury his papers confirming the appointment, which led to Marbury going to court. He challenged the judges to let him know if the incoming president had a right to deny him his appointment, which was form the previous regime (Lorch, 109). The court ruled that his approach of submitting his claim was unconstitutional, and this marked the beginning of

High Employee Turnover Among Travel Agencies in Malaysia Essay Example for Free

High Employee Turnover Among Travel Agencies in Malaysia Essay 1.0 Introduction The tourism industry in Malaysia has grown immensely due to its potential and unique competitive edge. The sector has increased its importance within the Malaysian economy, since the 1990’s according to Bashir, M. and Ahmad, N., et al. (2008). It carries on to be a leading foreign exchange achiever, continually acting as a crucial contributor to the Gross Domestic Product (GDP) growth, business and employment opportunity, investments, and empowering the balance of payments account. Within the last decade, the tourism industry has made rapid progression and this progression is reflected in the increase of tourist arrivals and receipts. Tourist arrivals have increased significantly by almost 59% from 10.22 million in 2000 to 25.03 million in 2012 (Corporate.tourism.gov.my, n.d.). Tourism receipts in Malaysia contributed 56% of the total services receipts average between 2008 and 2012, generating a surplus in the country’s balance of payments accounts (Corporate.tourism.gov.my, n.d.). The tourism sector has become the second-largest contributor towards economic growth of currency exchange (Table 1). Table 1. Tourist Arrivals Receipts to Malaysia Source: (Tourism Malaysia, 2013) In a recent study, Mazumder et al. (2011) concluded that tourism not only impacts service sectors but contributes substantially to all sectors of the Malaysian economy. The economic after-effect of tourism exists extensively within the expansion of the globalization process; this in turn increases the industry’s development worldwide. Furthermore, it not only generates a ripple effect but boosts the intersectoral links within the economy, through these links; international tourism consumption will impact nearly all sectors of the economy. Therefore, looking at how important this industry is for the economy, this report aims to find methods to retain employees in various sectors of the travel sector with the main focus towards travel agencies. 1.1 Issue The main issue being assessed in this report is focused on high staff turnover. However the main component of this research is strongly related to â€Å"turnover intent†, rather than turnover itself. 1.2 Study Aim In today’s competitive world, the travel industry has proved to become one of the most unique tools used for economic progression. Along with that, it has also helped improve social incorporation and multinational interpretation and understanding of diverse cultures. This allows travel agencies to expand target markets. Moreover, also in this unstable business environment, travel agencies that wish to succeed need to be accepting of change. They need to be able to not only meet but also surpass the threats and opportunities presented to them by their competitors. Numerous researches have been carried out to study the relation between turnover intent and job satisfaction. However, little interest is given to travel agencies, although they make up an important part of the tourism industry. When turnover intent occurs among service occupations such as those of the travel industry, there is not only a negative impact on the management and firms but also on the servic e and products quality, hence this may show a negative result in customer satisfaction. This research discusses how travel agencies need to focus on employee management and retention. The main issue being assessed is focused on high staff turnover intent among employees in travel agencies. 1.3 Research Objectives 1) The factors that influence turnover intent among newcomers in travel agencies. 2) To provide recommendation that could prevent or at least reduce this issue. 1.4 Purpose of study According to Kennedy and Berger (1994), turnover rate is generally at its highest among those employees who are newcomers in the company, and occurs within the duration of the first four weeks on the job. Therefore, the first objective is to identify factors that influence turnover intent among newcomers in travel agencies. However, every problem also normally has a solution or at least if there is no specific solution, there are various methods that can be applied to ‘control’ the problem. Hence, understanding the methods that can either solve or control turnover intent is the second objective of this research. 2.0 Literature Review Employee turnover is deliberated as an obstacle to attaining high levels of productivity and efficacy in business jobs or operations (Deery Shaw, 1997), especially in the travel industry, where the relationship among employees and customers is crucial. A high employee turnover rate is a major factor that reflects a decrease in customer satisfaction; this in turn impacts a loss in repeat customers and reputation of being a good business. Prior researches state that the more work experience an individual has, the less likely they are to leave (Boles et al., 1995). It was also said that hiring individuals who have experience within the travel industry could reduce turnover intent among travel agencies. 2.1 Defining job turnover intent Turnover can be defined as the decision to withdraw from current jobs by taking part in a series of psychological steps (Mobley, 1977): ââ€" ¡ Evaluation of job ââ€" ¡ Experienced job dissatisfaction ââ€" ¡ Thinking of quitting ââ€" ¡ Evaluation of expected utility search and cost of quitting ââ€" ¡ Interaction to search for alternatives ââ€" ¡ Search for alternatives ââ€" ¡ Evaluation of alternatives ââ€" ¡ Comparison of alternatives vs. present job ââ€" ¡ Intention to quit/stay ââ€" ¡ Quit/Stay 2.2 Factors influencing job turnover intent There are a number of factors that have been associated with turnover intent in studies that have been conducted in the past. However, most researches have mainly focused on personal differences, age, education, knowledge, income, gender, and job level to name a few determinants that have been identified to influence job satisfaction (Fournet et al., 1996). Researchers believe that age, tenure, job level, and income are associated with job satisfaction (Herzberg et al., 1957). Mei-Chih et al. (2007) showed there is a relationship between job satisfaction and age. According to De Vaney and Chen (2003) age has an effect on job satisfaction. Results from several studies indicate that there is a relationship between sex and job satisfaction (Bilgic, 1998; Lumpkin Tudor, 1990; Goh Koh, 1991 and Oshagbemi, 2000). Some studies conducted by Lumkin Tudor (1990) and Stedham Yamamura (2003) showed that female managers are given less pay and are he nce, surely less satisfied with their compensation, promotions, and overall work satisfaction. Studies established that job occupancy has been determined as a factor related to job satisfaction (Herzberg et al, 1957; Lee Wilbur, 1985; Schuh, 1967). Sokoya (2000) instituted that there is a major difference between job occupancy and job satisfaction. Raymond and Elizabeth (1985) demonstrated that job occupancy has impact on job satisfaction. Cotton Tuttle (1986) focused their theory on the supplements of turnover and then into their factors: (1) external correlates; (2) structural or work-related factors; (3) personal characteristics of employees. In a different, more recent study conducted by Griffith et al. (2000), gave a more comprehensive explanation about antecedents of turnover. These antecedents were classified into four groups, these include: 1) Demographic predictors 2) Job satisfaction, organization factors, work environment factors 3) Job content, external environment factors 4) Other behavioral predictors 3.0 Methodology The research conducted for this study is qualitative, using the probability method for selection of candidates. The primary method was interviews conducted focusing on focusing on the factors that influence ‘turnover intent’ among employees. Whereas, the interviews helped grasp knowledge as to why employers/managers think ‘turnover intent’ occurs and what sort of precautionary measures can be implemented to control or better reduce turnover intent. Then secondary information was gathered on previous studies regarding the same issue i.e. turnover intent among employees in travel agencies. This information was found through books, journals, and reliable websites. 3.1 Interviews Technique The survey was conducted amongst employees of five different travel agencies. The employees were selected at random to avoid any biasness. The interviews on the other hand, were conducted amongst people at the top of the food-chain in the tourism and travel industry in Malaysia. Interviewees were selected at random to gain perspective from various individuals regarding the same issue. 3.3 SIZE OF SAMPLE As mentioned previously, the survey was conducted among employees from five different travel agencies in Malaysia. Within each of these travel agencies, 7 employees from any department were selected to fill out the survey at random. The total number of survey samples analysed were 30, although the total number of survey forms distributed personally were 35. The reason was that every respondent may not fill in the form completely and correctly and therefore, out of 35 survey’s 30 properly filled out surveys were carefully examined to ensure validity of results. The survey was also made available online on surveymonkey.com to gather results in a convenient and fast method. This information gave insight for the thoughts of employees from different regions and states in Malaysia. The interviews were conducted with five individuals who are managers or CEO’s at the five travel agencies from where the employees were surveyed. 3.4 SAMPLING PROCEDURE There are different methods of distributing the surveys; by post, e-mail, or personally. For this particular research the surveys were distributed personally and also conducted online to receive results from travel agencies that are out of reach. Also a higher number of responses increased the accuracy of results. 4.0 Findings and Discussion 5.0 Recommendations So many questions arise as to what factors cause turnover intentions among employees in travel agencies, one of the questions is: Could the problem possibly root from the tourism education and training itself? Since, the operations of travel agencies are not very precise and adequate (i.e. there is no exact procedure to be followed in jobs of those working in travel agencies), it may be possible that students who graduate with a diploma/degree in tourism related studies are not well-prepared to deal with globalization and the effects it has on the tourism industry. Therefore, training and development has an important impact on the development of skilled professionals prepared for the business operations taking part in travel agencies on a daily basis.

Mesoamerican Empires Essay -- Mayan, Olmec, Aztec

The three main Indian empires in Mesoamerica were the Olmec, Mayan, and Aztec. These intriguing cultures had three very different religions and origins, but there were some similarities. In all three cases, they built their cities mainly as religious centers, and had some similar forms of worship. All of their societies revolved around their separate religions. The Olmecs are the earliest known Mesoamerican civilization. Around 1200 B.C. the Olmecs originated as a primitive people living and farming on the shores of Mexico (Stanton 91). Soon, however, they began to build cities such as San Lorenzo, La Venta, and Monte Alban. These â€Å"cities† were religious centers where people gathered to worship, and were not populated (Stanton 91). The first of these centers, San Lorenzo, was built c. 1150 B.C., on a flat topped, man-made mountain. It was mysteriously abandoned 200 years later (Stanton 92-93). La Venta, built between 1000 and 600 B.C., sat on an island in a swamp (Stanton 93). Later, around 500 B.C., Monte Alban, which was used as a religious center even after the Olmecs faded, was built on an immense mountain (Stanton 93). The cities were made up of temples and plazas, and decorated by monumental stone heads, which weighed up to 50 tons (Stanton 93)! These heads probably represented their early kings and had distinct helmets (K ingfisher 32). It is incredible how the Olmec people transported the stone from the distant mountains to La Venta, near the shore, without the aid of work animals or carts. It appears that the Olmecs did this grueling work for their gods willingly, as there is no evidence of forced labor (Stanton 93). The Olmecs probably worshipped the jaguar, as it appears so often in their artwork. There are also many e... ... (Schweikart 5-6). The Aztecs’ greed for sacrificial hostages turned these Indian neighbors against them (Kingfisher 196-197). The Aztecs were defeated, partially because they had been weakened by smallpox, but also because the Spanish fought together as a single force, while Aztecs fought as individuals (Schweikart 6-7). These three civilizations were focused on their religions, causing some similarities. They all built cities as religious centers. Both the Mayas and the Aztecs worshipped their gods through human sacrifice. The Olmecs were so dedicated to their gods that they transported 50 ton boulders from the mountains to the shore. For the Mayas, even their games were related to their religion. The Aztec society was constantly at war for the sole purpose of making sacrifices to their many gods. Religion dominated the cultures of these Mesoamerican empires.

Gainesboro Machine Tools Corporation †Essay Essay

Executive Summary Gainesboro Corporation was a company who designed and manufactured a number of machinery parts, including metal presses, dies, and molds. The company was found in 1923 in Concord, New Hampshire, by two mechanical engineers, James Gaines and David Scarboro. The two men had gone to school together and were disenchanted with their prospects as mechanics at a farm equipment manufacturer. In the 1940’s Gainesboro produced armored-vehicle and tank parts and miscellaneous equipment for the war effort. And then in the early 1980’s, they focused on manufacturing machinery parts, war equipment, and now entered new field of computer aided design and computer aided manufacturing (CAD/CAM). Objective Ashley Swenson, chief financial officer (CFO) in mid-September 2005 needed to submit recommendation to Gainesboro’s board of directors regarding the company’s dividend policy. The Gainesboro’s stock also fallen 18%to $22.15 due to post impact of the Hurricane Katrina. Now, Ashley Swenson’s dividend decision problem was compounded by the dilemma of whether to use company funds to pay shareholder dividends or to buy back stock. Analysis >>Buy-back Stock Stock Price per share = $22.15 Net income in year 2005 = $18,018,000 Number of shares = 18,600,000 shares (assumed number in year 2004 is still the same with year 2005) Earnings per share = $0.98 Price to earnings ratio ( P/E Ratio)=(Price per share)/EPS P⠁„E Ratio=22.15/0.98=22.6 Number of retired shares=(Net income)/(Price per share) Number of retired shares=18,018,000/22,15=813,453.72≈813,454 Therefore, number of shares outstanding =18,600,000-813,454=17,786,546 shares Then we can calculate the new EPS after repurchase stock, Earnings per Share (EPS) =(Net income)/(Number of shares) EPS =$18,018,000/17,786,546=$1,013 Thus, the new market price is =EPS x PE Ratio=1.013 x 22.6=$22.89 It can be seen that by buying back the stock, the market price can increase for 3.34%. >Pay shareholders dividend a. Zero dividend payout Policy This policy required the company will not pay dividend from 2005 to 2011.In the year 2005, The company expenditure was about $63.3 million dollars but the amount of the total sources was only $40 million, so in order to balanced the company financial condition, the company borrowed $22.7 million. The same thing was also happened in 2006, the company borrowed $7.3 million (total expenditure $72.8 million –total source $65.5 million). From 2007 to 2011, the company excess cash are positive ($4.2, $11.5, $29.4, $27.2, $77.6) million, these situation happened because the total expenditure remained lower than the company total source, so the company did not have to borrowing needs. So, by sum all of the excess cash and the borrowed money data from 2005 to 2011, we can calculate that the company total excess cash is $120 million. This kind of policy has the best impact on company’s financial condition because of the absence of dividend that will reduce the company’s retained earnings. Retained earning posses a greater role to make sure the company runs smoothly in the future by using minimum portion of debt required on a project, reflected in the industrial zero-dividend payout ratio. b. 40% dividend Payout From data in exhibit 8, 40% dividend payout means that the company will pay dividend 40% from net income from year 2005 to 2011. This results and the total excess cash for borrowing needs from 2005 to 2011 is ($95.1) million. The company will do borrowing from year 2005 to 2010. Amount of money borrowed respectively, ($29.9), ($23.3), ($18.8), (17.6), ($7.2), and ($12.0). All of the value comes from deduction of the total expenditures to  the total sources. Year 2011 the company will get $13.6 million excess cash ($212.5 million – $134.9 million). $134.9 million is from the total expenditures (capital expense + change in working capital). And $212.5 million comes from the total sources (net income + depreciation). By sum up all of values (excess cash and borrowed money) from year 2005 to 2011 we get the total cash flow of ($95.1) million. By raise dividend payout from 31.4% in 2004, 140,784(Net income)/0.25(dividend per share) to 40% company need excess cash 95.1 million; only in 2011 the company gain profit. The following is the calculation table: c. Residual-payout Dividend The following is the calculation for the residual-dividend payout: By applying residual payout policy, at the total of excess cash from year 2005 to year 2011, Gainesboro still experiences negative cash. It means they will still have to borrow extra cash to pay the dividend. Conclusion and Recommendation Based on the market price value, EPS, and P/E Ratio calculation, the company’s stock will have higher market price if they buy back the stock. Therefore, it’s recommended to buy back stock instead of paying dividend. It is also supported by the comparison between zero payout dividend, 40% payout ratio, and residual-payout. The best ending cash the company has is when they do zero payout ratio, which means they don’t give dividend at certain years. Since, to pay the dividend they will have borrowing need forcing them to increase the debt level. Meanwhile, they current debt level is already higher than the maximum level management expect which is 40%. The year 2005 debt to equity ratio is 140%. Also, without paying dividend, the company still can attract investors. It is shown from the P/E ratio that is in average if compared to other similar companies.

Definition of motivation Essay

Internal and external factors that stimulate desire and energy in people to be continually interested and committed to a job, role or subject, or to make an effort to attain a goal. Motivation results from the interaction of both conscious and unconscious factors such as the (1) intensity of desire or need, (2) incentive or reward value of the goal, and (3) expectations of the individual and of his or her peers. These factors are the reasons one has for behaving a certain way. An example is a student that spends extra time studying for a test because he or she wants a better grade in the class. Motivation is the psychological feature that arouses an organism to action toward a desired goal and elicits, controls, and sustains certain goal directed behaviors. It can be considered a driving force; a psychological drive that compels or reinforces an action toward a desired goal. Motivation elicits, controls, and sustains certain goal-directed behaviors. For example, hunger is a motivation that elicits a desire to eat. Motivation has been shown to have roots in physiological, behavioral, cognitive, and social areas. Motivation is conceptually related to, but distinct from, emotion and may be rooted in a basic impulse to optimize well-being, minimize physical pain and maximize pleasure. It can also originate from specific physical needs such as eating, sleeping/resting, and sexual reproduction. Motivation can be divided into two types: intrinsic (internal) motivation and extrinsic (external) motivation. Intrinsic motivation  Intrinsic motivation refers to motivation that is driven by an interest or enjoyment in the task itself, and exists within the individual rather than relying on any external pressure. Intrinsic motivation is based on taking pleasure in an activity rather than working towards an external reward. Intrinsic motivation has been studied since the early 1970s. Students who are intrinsically motivated are more likely to engage in the task willingly as well as work to improve their skills, which will increase their capabilities.[1 ] Students are likely to be intrinsically motivated if they: * attribute their educational results to factors under their own control, also known as autonomy, * believe they have the skill that will allow them to be effective agents in reaching desired goals (i.e. the results are  not determined by luck), * are interested in mastering a topic, rather than just rote-learning to achieve good grades. Extrinsic motivation Extrinsic motivation refers to the performance of an activity in order to attain an outcome, which then contradicts intrinsic motivation. It is widely believed that motivation performs two functions. The first is often referred to as the energetic activation component of the motivation construct. The second is directed at a specific behaviour and makes reference to the orientation directional component.[clarification needed] Extrinsic motivation comes from outside of the individual. Common extrinsic motivations are rewards like money and grades, and threat of punishment. Competition is in general extrinsic because it encourages the performer to win and beat others, not simply to enjoy the intrinsic rewards of the activity. A crowd cheering on the individual and trophies are also extrinsic incentives. The concept of motivation can be instilled in children at a very young age, by promoting and evoking interest in a certain book or novel. The idea is to have a discussion pertaining the book with young individuals, as well as to reward them. Comparison of intrinsic and extrinsic motivation Social psychological research has indicated that extrinsic rewards can lead to overjustification and a subsequent reduction in intrinsic motivation. In one study demonstrating this effect, children who expected to be (and were) rewarded with a ribbon and a gold star for drawing pictures spent less time playing with the drawing materials in subsequent observations than children who were assigned to an unexpected reward condition.[2] While the provision of extrinsic rewards might reduce the desirability of an activity, the use of extrinsic constraints, such as the threat of punishment, against performing an activity has actually been found to increase one’s intrinsic interest in that activity. In one study, when children were given mild threats against playing with an attractive toy, it was found that the threat actually served to increase the child’s interest in the toy, which was previously undesirable to the child in the absence of threat.[3] For those children who received no extrinsic reward, self-determination theory proposes that extrinsic motivation can be internalised by the individual if the task fits with their values and beliefs and therefore helps to fulfill  their basic psychological needs.

Chemical Equilibrium in Chemical Reactions

Chemical Equilibrium in Chemical Reactions Chemical equilibrium is the condition which occurs when the concentration of reactants and products participating in a chemical reaction exhibit no net change over time. Chemical equilibrium may also be called a steady state reaction. This does not mean the chemical reaction has necessarily stopped occurring, but that the consumption and formation of substances have reached a balanced condition. The quantities of reactants and products have achieved a constant ratio, but they are almost never equal. There may be much more product or much more reactant. Dynamic Equilibrium Dynamic equilibrium occurs when the chemical reaction continues to proceed, but a number of products and reactants remain constant. This is one type of chemical equilibrium. Writing the Equilibrium Expression The equilibrium expression for a chemical reaction may be expressed in terms of the concentration of the products and reactants. Only chemical species in the aqueous and gaseous phases are included in the equilibrium expression because the concentrations of liquids and solids does not change. For the chemical reaction: jA kB → lC mD The equilibrium expression is K ([C]l[D]m) / ([A]j[B]k) K is the equilibrium constant[A], [B], [C], [D] etc. are the molar concentrations of A, B, C, D etc.j, k, l, m, etc. are coefficients in a balanced chemical equation Factors That Affect Chemical Equilibrium First, consider a factor that does not affect equilibrium: pure substances. If a pure liquid or solid is involved in equilibrium, it is considered to have an equilibrium constant of 1 and is excluded from the equilibrium constant. For example, except in highly concentrated solutions, pure water is considered to have an activity of 1. Another example is solid carbon, which may be form by the reaction of two carbom monoxide molecules to form carbon dioxide and carbon. Factors that do affect equilibrium include: Adding reactant or product or a change in concentration affects equilibrium. Adding reactant can drive equilibrium to the right in a chemical equation, where more product forms. Adding product can drive equilibrium to the left, as more reactant forms.Changing the temperature alters equilibrium. Increasing temperature always shifts chemical equilibrium in the direction of the endothermic reaction. Decreasing temperature always shifts equilibrium in the direction of the exothermic reaction.Changing the pressure affects equilibrium. For example, decreasing the volume of a gas system increases its pressure, which increases the concentration of both reactants and products. The net reaction will see to lower the concentration of gas molecules. Le Chateliers principle may be used to predict the shift in equilibrium resulting from applying a stress to the system. Le Chateliers principle states that a change to a system in equilibrium will cause a predictable shift in equilibrium to counteract the change.  For example, adding heat to a system favors the direction of the endothermic reaction because this will act to reduce the amount of heat.

A Review On A Movie Carpool

A Review On A Movie Carpool â€Å"Carpool† begins with a man rushing to get ready for an important business meeting. His wife asks him to drive their children to school after picking up the others in their carpool. He grudgingly does so, and the first crime of the movie occurs shortly afterwards at only eight minutes in. We see one of the man’s neighbors, an old man, gardening, and as they drive by we can see he is only wearing a shirt. It is noted by the main character that his neighbor is an elderly man who is forgetful, and we can ascertain that the man is likely suffering from some form of dementia or something similar. However, nearly all states their own variation of indecent exposure laws (with the exception of Vermont), which their neighbor has clearly violated. It is, however, extremely unlikely that this would lead to a conviction, as it would be hard to prove that the old man was not simply forgetful or confused. It is also mentioned in the movie that the neighbor had survived three str okes; this would almost certainly free him from any criminal liability in the matter. As the movie progresses, the man has picked up three of the children and is still driving to the school, but is frustrated at their complaining, as they are hungry. He decides to stop at a bakery to buy food for them so that they will be quiet during the rest of the trip. However, when he attempts to pay for the food, at nineteen minutes in, two armed gunmen enter with handguns and rob the bakery. Armed robbery of any establishment – be it a bank, or a bakery – is a very serious offense that typically, for a first time offender, results in at least five to ten years in prison. If these men were to be caught it would almost certainly result in a conviction as any crime that involves deadly weapons is taken very seriously. It is likely that they would face charges of robbery and also charges for weapons possession. In the moments following the robbery, there is some confusion, as multiple shoppers in the bakery pull out weapons on the robbers. A police officer enters, and points his gun at one of the shoppers that appears to be an armed robber, telling him to drop his weapon. He acts belligerently, first pointing his handgun at the officer, and then pointing it at the main character, and then taking him as a hostage and stealing his car – all with the money from the robbery. There are a multitude of charges that could follow the beginning of these actions, ranging from the more minor misuse of a firearm to the more major assault or attempted assault with a deadly weapon. He would also face some sort of robbery charge for taking off with the money. A Chicago man named Charles Lemle allegedly pointed a gun at police officers on New Year ’s Day in 2014 and received three counts of aggravated assault towards a police officer. Pointing a gun at a police officer is a very serious crime that would certainly lead to a prosecution and a felony charge. The taking of a hostage would likely result in kidnapping or a lesser but similar charge, and the theft of the automobile would simply tack on to the multitude of charges. It is revealed to the hostage-taker shortly after he has driven the car that there are children in it (5 kids), and it would be likely that a kidnapping charge would be added for each of them. All in all this man would be facing a very lengthy prison term. At about 30 minutes into the film the two original robbers head to the house of the man that left with the money from the bakery. At the bakery, they had stolen his wallet and thusly found his address, which they headed to. After finding the house, they break in, only to be greeted by an angry woman that kicks them out of her house. For entering the home without being allowed to, they would face a breaking-and-entering charge, or even a burglary charge. This would largely depend on whether or not the lady called the police and decided to press charges. At this point in the movie the man that took off from the bakery with the money from the robbery, took hostages, and stole a car, is evading the police in a series of car chases in the stolen car. Some of these chases end with the pursuing police crashing, which could easily lead to him being liable for their death or injury. He would, at the very least, certainly face a charge for evading police if caught. As he continues to evade the police he eventually manages to get the car inside of a shopping mall. It is illegal to drive a car inside a shopping mall, and doing so would result in some sort of reckless driving / public disturbance charge. The officers arrive at the shopping mall to find that the suspect has been stopped by a meter maid that has been pursuing the suspect for a parking violation. She’s holding him at gunpoint with a deadly weapon. The officer that was at the bakery steps in and tells her that he’s got it covered, when she points the weapon at him and tells him to back off. In this case, she’s committing the same crime that was committed earlier in the bakery; that is; pointing a deadly weapon at an officer. This could easily lead to an assault charge against her. The likelihood of this happening, however, is not high, as she doesn’t appear to be trying very hard to coerce the police officer. A crime is committed by her, but it’s not very obvious, and the police officer being threatened doesn’t look very threatened. But while this is happening, the main character of the film begins fleeing in the car in the hopes of still being able to make it to his business meeting. He commits the same crime of driving through the shopping mall – the first crime he commits in the movie – but, while doing so, he endangers the lives of many shoppers as he dodges and swerves around them in the car. This could incur an assault with a motor vehicle charge, or even a mayhem charge against him, both of which would make him a felon. But as he is doing this, he decides to exit the shopping mall by driving through a glass fixture on the second floor. He destroys it with the car, which is also against the law, as this is destruction of property. The severity of this charge would likely depend on the dollar figure placed on the damage. It would be extremely likely that the main character would face prosecution for these acts because he could have simply stayed in the car, but instead chose to drive off with it. It is important to note that the hostage-taker the police have been chasing over the course of the movie manages to get back in the car, effectively making the main character now an accomplice, as he gets his kidnapper out of the hands of the police as a getaway driver. For this, he would face charges of aiding a criminal, and almost certainly a charge for impeding the police. The main character of the film drops Franklin (the hostage-taker) off where he wanted to go. So far, he has made a conscious decision to help Franklin; he has certainly aided him in not only evading the police but also in getting across town. This would incur very serious charges and likely leave both of them as felons. But, at this point, the very first robbers in the movie return to get their money from Franklin, brandishing guns and effectively robbing him. Again, armed robbery – twice in one day. However, a melee breaks out between all four characters, and the two robbers are subdued. They would likely face robbery and other related charges for this – it’s still illegal to rob thieves, after all. That is the last crime committed in the movie, and, judging from the severity and frequency of the crimes, all the adults that broke the law in the movie would be serving very extensive prison terms.

Why open-source software will (or will not) soon dominate the field of Essay

Why open-source software will (or will not) soon dominate the field of database management tools - Essay Example Open source software, unlike the proprietary software such as Oracle or Microsoft SQL, is free with only costs coming in for maintenance. This has far reaching implications that many people may not see. For instance, the fact that open source software are free means that newer and upcoming businesses will not likely opt this option be4caseu they are not able to buy the highly expensive products such as Oracle. Buying proprietary database management systems such as oracle requires businesses to write very big checks and this is a hindrance. As the new businesses adopt open source software, they end up being so used to it by the time they have enough money to invest in a proprietary DBMS such as oracle. In such a case, the cost of transferring from open source software can be prohibitive to such businesses and they opt to stay with this option. Opponents of the argument for open source software may argue that in the long run the open source software is not as free (or cheap) as it promises. But as much as this is true, the truth is that it is very affordable in the introduction part and many startup businesses find it easier to use this as opposed to using the proprietary software. A good example is facebook.com which in its original days was just an online social site developed by a university student. Needless to say, in its original days, facebook.com could not have managed to buy DBMS from a big vendor such as Microsoft or Oracle but had to use MySQL which it uses up to today. While facebook.com is now a multibillion firm which can easily buy a DBMS from a reputable vendor, the cost of transferring is almost prohibitive, and since the MySQL platform is also a relatively good one, the firm has proudly stayed on. This is just one example and many small firms will continue to use open source and stay with it even after th ey grow big. The other thing which will make open source to continue reigning is the issue of bugs.

Tax systems Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1750 words

Tax systems - Essay Example Indirect taxation leads to income effect. Income effect occurs when people find that they have surplus money and therefore their demand for goods and services increase. In case of no tax levied people after earning certain amount of income will start preferring leisure over work. Since indirect taxation increases the prices of goods and services people will have to work harder to keep up their standard of living and will have to earn more income to buy the same â€Å"basket† of goods that they were buying before and this will lead to more working hours in the economy. In this case, increase in taxation would result in increase in incentives for people to work hard and to expend more effort.ii) Regressive Taxation system is one where rich people pay lesser proportion of their income as tax than the poorer people. For example, a flat tax of $5 would make a higher proportion for someone earning $100/month than someone earning $200/month. For someone earning $100/month it would be 5%, whereas for the other guy it would be 2.5%. This kind of tax system is normally regressive and usually indirect taxation is regressive. On the other hand progressive system is one where rich people pay higher tax than the poor people. Income tax is usually progressive as it takes into account the income of people. Regressive taxation can be an incentive for people to work hard and earn more money, whereas as progressive systems can be a disincentiveSince regressive system leads to same amount of tax in absolute terms for both rich and poor., any additional work or money earned by poor people would reduce their proportion of income as tax. This makes people work harder to nullify the effects of regressive tax. For example, if someone is earning $100 and he knows that he will have to pay $5 in taxes every time irrespective of his income. He would try to increase his income to $105 to nullify the effects of the tax. This increase in income for $100 to $105 will increase his dispos able income after tax from $95 to $100. The person by earning more would be $5 richer. Hence, regressive tax system encourages increase in effort. People work harder to increase their disposable income to improve their standard of living. Progressive system can be a disincentive to work harder. Since, progressive tax increases with the additional income earned, many people would be put off from working harder as they will think that any increase in

The Earth Energy-Balance Term Paper Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1000 words

The Earth Energy-Balance - Term Paper Example According to a study in the United States, more than 200 million sources of air pollutions are added into the atmosphere every year which is equal to 1760 pounds of pollutants per person. For instance Acid rain is the major source of causing air pollution because it damages lakes, streams, vegetation and wildlife. Another major issue impacting the human lives is global warming because the level of carbon dioxide has exceeded up to 40 % since the year 1860. In the recent years over the 134 years, there has been the highest amount of temperature change. Southern and northern ice caps have been warming us for centuries but what will happen if these caps had melted? Therefore, the constant disappearing of plants, use of fossil fuels is the reason which causes the greenhouse effect. My design takes the environment into consideration and brings attention towards something that is very important to all the people in the world being carelessly neglected. There are many ways through which we can restore importance by ignoring our many habits. Most Americans feel that they have mastered over the nature and environment and they have a complete faith in technology. When they face the environmental crisis like shortage of gas and oil then they believe that â€Å"science will save us† but belief on technology’s role in environmental problems is highly premature because science is not the answer to every environmental problem.

Comparison of Human Resource Strategies

Comparison of Human Resource Strategies Strategic Management of Human Assets Table of Contents (Jump to) Company A Overview Company B Overview Company A HR Strategies Company B HR Strategies Similaries and Differences between Companies Conclusion Bibliography Organization A: Telenor Organization B: Mobilink Company A Overview Telenor Telenor is the prevalent mobile telecommunications operative in Norway and a momentous worldwide mobile operative, with a numeral of operations external Norway.Telenor is 100% possess by Telenor ASA and adds on to its maneuver in Asia together with Thailand, Malaysia and Bangladesh. Telenor is the greatest increasing mobile complex in the country, with reporting realization of cavernous into many of the outmost areas of Pakistan. In the mainly tricky terrains of the country, from the mountainous northern areas to the rambling deserts in the south, at times they are the only operative linking the formerly distinct. Company B Overview Mobilink: Mobilink is world most important cellular and Blackberry service contributor. It has More than 35 million cutovers. Market contribute of Mobilink is 35 %. HUMAN RESOURCE MANAGEMENT STRATEGY FOR TELENOR Some of the very most important features of the tactical development are tinted as under HR Planning Process: Strategic Planning The company does not utilize any arithmetic procedure or technique for the strength of mind of labor deficiency or superfluous. The company however, relies on skewed judgmental methods. The judgmental methods are stand on the connoisseur decision that determine the supply and command of labor. Whenever the company experience the require of a requisite person, the company demeanor interviews of the aspirant applicants. formative Labor stipulate formative Labor Supply Strategic Direction Telenor existing policy is based on edifice a earlier association with its customers by taking gain of their position as a worldwide marketplace leader. The approaches are paying attention on captivating and retaining a increasing marketplace split in all customer groups. Strategic plan Humanizing their client Proposition Telenor clientele, mobility means immediacy, convenience, ubiquity and personalization. These attributes give them many opportunities to interact with their customers in behavior that will augment their lives. Local implementation remnants indispensable, but they consider that they can assemble on their worldwide benefit by adopting additional dependable marketing approaches, based on greatest practices congregate from across the Group. They have commence a â€Å"convention campaign†, the endeavor of which is to appreciably amplify the average number of minutes their customers utilize their services every day. As part of this, Telenor is initiation a assortment of marketing initiatives to emphasize the practical and poignant benefits they convey to their customers. Executing Data Strategy Their data strategy rests on four pillars; Increasing the importance of Right Service They are increasing a collection of accessible, branded data military. Key applications comprise new text, depiction and video messaging services, trouble-free admission to e-mail, isolated admittance to business applications, and stipulation via a Telenor user boundary to in order and amusement make available by business partners. Inter-operate theoretically, discriminate Commercially. It is imperative for them to stay behind very energetic in manufacturing consistency to make certain complete inter-operability of our services with those from other mobile operative and fixed-Internet companies. Promoting suitable Pricing Models They encourage a pricing model that permits them to bout their pricing most intimately and evidently to their customers considerate and discernment of worth. Competitive Environment Customers necessities are increasing to include admittance to information, data and multimedia services over mobile strategy. They are exceptionally placed to assemble these needs, using their extent and flair to generate the most convincing services and to expand partnerships helps them surpass their customers potential. With the infiltration in market and the foreword of new 3G technologies, they can be expecting to go from side to side a period of market confusion, which will possibly escort to some consolidation in the industry. HR Strategies for Mobilink The Mobilink that allege of the most important market investor in telecom industry has shown very conventional loom towards the recompense management. The important organizations always try preeminent to have a best-fit deliberate loom in the direction of the human being reserve administration surrounded by organization but unluckily the foremost organization like Mobilink is also use finest carry out approach in compensating approach. During this investigate we also come to terminate that these best practice are not completely implemented in whole essence but they are either incompletely implemented or just linger in name. INCENTIVES PLAN Incentives are premeditated to give confidence employees to attain objectives. They are planned to straight incentive for present and future recital, promising â€Å"do this and we will make it significance your while† Incentives are usually monetary but they can assure non-financial rewards such as recognition, encouragement or predominantly interesting assignment. Individual Incentives Plan: Individual incentives diplomacy are those that are fretful to reimburse the individual labors that effect in organizational outcomes. In Mobilink the individual inducement tactics don’t endure in any form. Although this kind of incentive arrangement is merely for the rummage sale an individual in the shape of commission on sale. But we diverge with them because it is individual enticement plan because this is reimbursed at risk and where risk exists it’s not incentive. One other shape of incentives map is that they are paying after a while to the lower management on the hour’s basis they used up in addition the duty hours. Group Incentives Plan The Mobilink have a preference to team and assemblage working. People are recognized from their personal assemblage or players with in association. Like sales community, advertising players, investment investigation team, economics allotment team, HR peoples, etc The group inducement is based on the objectives being allot to each team or group. If they prolifically achieved within the given restraint and also these triumph escort company performance to augment than they will be entail for group enticement in following manner: Per unit inducement journal incentives unremitting encouragement inaccessible areas incentives Organizational Incentives The organizational performance is deliberate in the shape or amplifies in twelve-monthly rummage sale, No of clinteles, and augment in marketplace allocate. The personage aims are consecutively joined with the company performance. When company is being successful in attain these objectives. Special Incentives According to the Mobilink recompense Officer, â€Å"There are very hardly any and exceptional extraordinary incentives because the group enticement and group incentives preparation are premeditated in such a way that every and all individual is performing arts extraordinary†. But hardly any types of extraordinary enticement arrangement are: Gratitude: If an significant person in addition accomplish in sales or manufacture division, a variety of types of recognition like â€Å"Man of the year† which enclose official document and some other prizes. superiority certificate introduction the name and Picture in association pinnacle performers colonnade Admiration: the personality is appreciated individually by the General manager either gathering individually or through call or through email etc Extraordinary Cash Amount is specified on the instance when somebody (frequently specified to HR) for draw towards you and occupy pinnacle player of participant. Job assessment technique: Mobilink exercise two techniques for appraise job in regulate to be acquainted with the significance of the job. spot technique standing technique Similarities and differences of Mobilink Telenor Strapping Points of Mobilink: The employee satisfaction level is elevated in assessment to the expected range. The Mobilink has recognized a knowledgeable HR department consists of 40 HR professional in order to exploit the inspiration and pledge level of the human resource. The Mobilink has started amend the management loom from the traditional towards contemporary style in which they can be capable to identify and recompense human being efforts in near expectations. The incessant incentive arrangement has a optimistic brunt on those employees who has received, trying their most excellent to maintain this incentive for longer time and also a contrivance for inspiration to convey up with more inventive efforts to expand this inducement that has not received. One other organizational enticement of â€Å"three gross salaries† induce every employees to go for best endeavor brunt in order to make certain the achievements of organizational goals for the explicit time period. Strong points of Telenor: Telenor paying attention on individual performance, have made the remuneration system in such a way to be familiar with the efforts and efficiently compensate these. Therefore the incentives plans are very assorted and up-to-date. The arrangement is very succinct in such method that it even plunders the insignificant elevated efforts of personality within the teams or groups. The extraordinary incentives like â€Å"Golden Hellos† and â€Å"Golden handcuffs’ are very proficient in given them the preeminent professional from the marketplace and also the capability to preserve them for life time. The performance of personage is even contented if the organization fails to attain its goal. Once the individual be successful in its targets their rewards are outstanding. The Telenor has explicit incentives plan for every stage and for every personality. The administration incentives plan is one of the examples. This inducement doesn’t exist in Mobilink. The job assessment method extensively worn is Point-method. And that’s the motive the employee pleasure in Telenor is added than Mobilink as the disburse pattern created from the peak method are very succinct and replicate the efforts decided. The reimburse packages and inducement plans are striking and provide additional remunerations at all stage. Wide assortment of incentives remains the employees pleased, dedicated, trustworthy and industrious all the time. Weak points Mobilink presently ignores the satisfying of individual efforts. They recompense personality labors when the corporation convenes the objective. If the company be ineffective in the direction of to work, they don’t plunder those human individual who effectively attain their personality objectives. Here it may be credible that the purpose allocate by their relevant department is not correctly associated with the organizational ambition. So here the personalities undergo on the expenditure of their higher management. The recompense system is not appropriately bound for or associated with the business objectives; the intention here should be to communicate all employees to a universal point in classify to generate synergy. Because they reimburse in assessment to the some international company or conclusion survey firm. The incentives plans are very tapered and limited. It requirements to be comprehensive in order to expand the trustworthiness and obligation at person, collection and managerial level. The base of personality incentives arrangement is very scrawny and some time non-existing. Strong and Weak points of Telenor Telenor has demonstrate itself as genuine self-motivated a firm who has customized itself in the hard-hitting competition, got most important market contribute to from the available company Mobilink in a very dumpy point in time. The Telenor has great number of strapping points and few frail points. Weak Points The employee’s bury affiliation is not brawny as it is in Mobilink. The society in Telenor is going towards inaccessible environment where every individual will be troubled for its own self-interest. There are two sorts of workers. Enduring and indenture employees. The Telenor loom towards the indenture employee is not so a great deal devoted as it is for enduring workers. This may accompany to the worker prejudice and the unfaithfulness might be result in. Their employees are not attentive of the recompense policies. This is some time good quality but some time generates difficulty. The Telenor has kept classified the compensation strategies even from the employees. Conclusion: It is completed from this description result that Mobilink is no hesitation the market organizer in HR systems but it needs improvement, redecoration and development in order to effectual defend the competitor’s violent strategic actions. Mobilink is trailing its market split as well as input employees to Telenor because Telenor is on condition that striking packages. The Mobilink should start poignant towards the ethnicity of disburse for performance as a substitute of paying for possession of skills. This can be accomplishing by accomplishment of effectual performance management and reimbursement system. Mobilink shouldn’t deem on its current employees but also seek out for the best people in the marketplace, because if these unsurpassed people are hired by the challenger, this would result in further hardship to safeguard. Therefore appropriate performance assessment, criticism and rewards should be making certain. Bibliography Charles J. Fombrun, ‎. M. (1998). Strategic human resource management. https://books.google.com.pk/books?id=gIqlCsQYZJsCprintsec=frontcoverdq=strategic+human+managementhl=ensa=Xei=fXSdVIyFJJSfuQTP_4CACgved=0CCEQ6AEwAQ. Delery, J. (1998). Issues of fit in strategic human resource management: Implications for research. Human resource management , http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S1053482298900067. Ingham, J. (2007). Strategic Human Capital Management. https://books.google.com.pk/books?id=ZWuuAAAAIAAJq=strategic+human+managementdq=strategic+human+managementhl=ensa=Xei=fXSdVIyFJJSfuQTP_4CACgved=0CCcQ6AEwAg. JE Delery, D. D. (1996). Modes of theorizing in strategic human resource management: Tests of universalistic, contingency, and configurational performance predictions. Academy of management Journal , http://amj.aom.org/content/39/4/802.short. John Storey, ‎. M. (2009). The Routledge Companion to Strategic Human Resource Management. https://books.google.com.pk/books?id=hecig5s4fnUCprintsec=frontcoverdq=strategic+human+managementhl=ensa=Xei=fXSdVIyFJJSfuQTP_4CACgved=0CDkQ6AEwBQ. Kovach, K. A. (2006). Strategic Human Resource Management. https://books.google.com.pk/books?id=ClmOpjxu4TICprintsec=frontcoverdq=strategic+human+managementhl=ensa=Xei=fXSdVIyFJJSfuQTP_4CACgved=0CBwQ6AEwAA#v=onepageq=strategic human managementf=false. MA Huselid, S. J. (1997). Technical and strategic human resources management effectiveness as determinants of firm performance. Academy of Management , http://amj.aom.org/content/40/1/171.short. www.telenor.com www.mobilink.com